what is the radius of the earth in meters

Regardless of the model, any radius falls between the polar minimum of about 6,357km and the equatorial maximum of about 6,378km (3,950 to 3,963mi). Earths radius is usually given as 6378137 meters (equatorial radius), its flattening is defined as 1/298.257223 (WGS84), and thus its polar radius is calculated as 6356752 meters.However, the av. Does Bohrs model explain radius of an orbit? Derived quantities: diameter, circumference, arc-length, area, volume, There is no single center to the geoid; it varies according to local. Testing, Testing: Space-Bound US-European Water Mission Passes Finals. Hence the required distance is. e The formula for the volume of a sphere is V = 4/3 r. Where R is the radius of the Earth. , [6] It is an idealized surface, and the Earth measurements used to calculate it have an uncertainty of 2m in both the equatorial and polar dimensions. In the third century B.C., Eratosthenes was able to mathematically calculate the earths diameter by comparing differences in the angle of the suns rays at two separate geographic points. The radius of the Earth, re, is about 6.38 10 6 meters, and the mass of the Earth is 5.98 10 24 kilograms. (C = 2r) With this information, Eratosthenes inferred that the Earths radius was 6366 km. What you need is to convert a meter into degrees since long/lat is a polar coordinate system.With the circumference of Earth being 40,075 km, you get 0.00000898315 deg/m which you need to multiply with the size of the object (1 m) to get the degrees which you have to add to your coordinate to get a point which intersects with the radius of . Another global radius is the Earth's rectifying radius, giving a sphere with circumference equal to the perimeter of the ellipse described by any polar cross section of the ellipsoid. What is the radius of Earth in exponential form? A body on the surface of a planet with the same radius as Earth's weighs 10 times more than it does on Earth. The oblateness constant q is given by, where is the angular frequency, G is the gravitational constant, and M is the mass of the planet. R=6370 3. [9] Answer (1 of 3): First of all let us consider the shape of the earth to be a sphere. The circumference of the Earth is the length or distance measured around it. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. "The Earth's mass is about 5.98 10 24 kg". Skip to main content. {\displaystyle w^{1}=\varphi } 371 106 meters (Earth radius 6. p The radius of the earth is 6378 km. What is the diameter of the earth The one exception: The flattening in the original definition of WGS84 was a calculated value, based on the Earths second dynamic form factor as determined from satellite orbits ($\bar C_{2,0}$ in WGS84, $J_2$ in GRS80). Of course, no one is claiming the size of Earth has actually changed. Her latest book, "A Travel for Taste: Germany," was published in 2015. E Asked By: Lena Frontelo | Last Updated: 18th May, 2020, Earth is the third planet from the sun. Given local and transient influences on surface height, the values defined below are based on a "general purpose" model, refined as globally precisely as possible within 5m (16ft) of reference ellipsoid height, and to within 100m (330ft) of mean sea level (neglecting geoid height). This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. Each of the models in common use involve some notion of the geometric radius. What is the radius of the earth in physics? [Updated!] It is 6356. And we divide that by Pi times 9.00 centimeters written as meters so centi is prefix meaning ten times minus two and we square that diameter. [24] Claudius Ptolemy around 150AD gave empirical evidence supporting a spherical Earth,[25] but he accepted the lesser value attributed to Posidonius. However, Earth is not quite a sphere. Therefore, the difference was 7.2 degrees. . The following radii are derived from the World Geodetic System 1984 (WGS-84) reference ellipsoid. The meridional mean is well approximated by the semicubic mean of the two axes,[citation needed]. Solved Gravity:In physics, it is established that the | Chegg.com For Earth, the arithmetic mean radius is 6,371.0088km (3,958.7613mi). Today we know our planet's circumference is roughly 40,000 kilometers (24,850 miles). The acceleration due to gravity at the surface of Earthis represented by the letter g. Q4. Have Bugged an area Rock to pay attention In on Earthlings? The current best estimate for the mass of the Earth is M = 5.97221024 kg, with a standard uncertainty of 61020 kg (relative uncertainty 104). 6,371 kmEarth / RadiusAccording to data taken by 183 high-school classes participating in a World Year of Physics project, "Measure the Earth with Shadows", the radius of Earth is 6563 km, compared to the accepted value for the mean radius of 6371 km. earthRadius r . This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Thus the curvature found this way is smaller than the curvature of a circle of constant latitude, except at the equator. This astronomical observation was confirmed by general observations made at sea. Now, lets plug in some numbers. 2 degrees. Eratosthenes' methods result in a formula that would look like this: 39,350 = 2 x 3.14 x r, or 6,267 kilometers. {\displaystyle r+dr} The bulge have been decreasing, consider 1998 the bulge has elevated, possibly because of redistribution of sea mass via currents. 756 mi) on average. {\displaystyle {\mathcal {R}}_{\mathrm {pE} }^{\mathrm {N} }} The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". Solving for x reveals the circumference to be. (8,849 meters), but it is not the highest point on Earth that is, the place most distant from the . a) The diameter of the earth is approximately 1.276 1 0 7 1.276 \times 10^7 1.276107 m in scientific notation. The geocentric radius is the distance from the Earth's center to a point on the spheroid surface at geodetic latitude : where a and b are, respectively, the equatorial radius and the polar radius. [2], For Earth, the volumetric radius equals 6,371.0008km (3,958.7564mi).[13]. Q. What is the formula to find radius of Earth? 6,371,000 metersThe value, symbolized rearth, is equal to approximately 6,371,000 meters (6.371 x 106 m). A How much is a trillion in scientific notation? After completing his degree, George worked as a postdoctoral researcher at CERN, the world's largest particle physics laboratory. Earth Radius by Latitude Calculator - Rechneronline - Ntzliche Rechner The radius R of a nucleus of mass number A can be estimated by the formula R = (1.3 1015)A 1/3 m. The earth rotates once every 23 hours, 56 minutes and 4.09053 seconds, called the sidereal period, and its circumference is roughly 40,075 kilometers. The cookie is set by GDPR cookie consent to record the user consent for the cookies in the category "Functional". In 200 B.C. p {\displaystyle {\frac {\partial r}{\partial \varphi }}} Make sure both sticks are perpendicular to the earth and that the same length of stick protrudes from the ground. How do you find the radius of a gravitational field? The model is rotated in a wind tunnel at a rotational speed of 500 rev/minrev/min. Who first calculated the radius of the earth? Structure and radius of electron - Alternative Physics So escape velocity = . What is the scientific name for Earth? Derivation means the action of obtaining something from a source or origin. , over the surface of the ellipsoid. In this state, it would have approximately the same mass as it has now, but its radius would be equal to the radius of the Earth. The size of a frictional force is given by F, start subscript, f, end subscript, is less than or equal to, mu, R,FfR where R is the magnitude of the normal reaction force between the two surfaces and is the coefficient of friction between the two surfaces. . Hence, we create models to approximate characteristics of Earth's surface, generally relying on the simplest model that suits the need. {\displaystyle w^{2}=\lambda ,}. The topographical mean geocentric distance averages elevations everywhere, resulting in a value 230m larger than the IUGG mean radius, the authalic radius, or the volumetric radius. Answered: A space traveler weighs 640 N on Earth. | bartleby How do you find the radius with mass and gravity? J The earth is made up of three different layers: the crust, the mantle and the core. Measured around the poles, the circumference is 40,007.863 km (24,859.734 mi). N Functional cookies help to perform certain functionalities like sharing the content of the website on social media platforms, collect feedbacks, and other third-party features. How do you express the earths diameter in scientific notation? Keplers Third law can be used to determine the orbital radius of the planet if the mass of the orbiting star is known (R3=T2Mstar/Msun, the radius is in AU and the period is in earth years). {\displaystyle K} 2013-09-16 00:47:38. How do we measure the diameter of the Earth? How to Calculate the Force of Gravity on the Earth's Surface - dummies {\displaystyle e} The extrema geocentric radii on the ellipsoid coincide with the equatorial and polar radii. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. By knowing the Equatorial diameter or the polar diameter of the Earth, the circumference can be found. Venus is included with a thick, quickly spinning atmosphere, developing a scorched world with temperatures hot enough to melt lead along with a surface pressure 90 occasions those of Earth. The radius of earth, is the distance from the centre of the Earth to a point on or near its surface, and it ranges from nearly 6,378 km to nearly 6,357 km, dhanyaranjan Published On January 28th, 2022 Table of Contents Radius of Earth in Physics The symbol R? The typical radius of the world is roughly 6. An international crew of seven people live and work while traveling at a speed of five miles per second, orbiting Earth about every 90 minutes. What is the radius of Earth in gravitation? [21] The first known scientific measurement and calculation of the circumference of the Earth was performed by Eratosthenes in about 240BC. Earth's volume, or that of the reference ellipsoid, is V = 4/3a2b. 6.371 10 6 m . Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. p {\displaystyle F=f=0} After many, many years, you will have some intuition for the physics you studied. Using the curvature of the Earth relative to the parallel light from the sun, we can observe shadows at different locations on the surface of the Earth to find the Earths radius. Hence, we create models to approximate characteristics of Earths surface, generally relying on the simplest model that suits the need. Please enter the latitude in decimal degrees, here you can convert coordinates. Although the precise strength of Earth's gravity varies depending on location, the nominal "average" value at the Earth's surface, known as standard gravity is, by definition, 9.80665 m/s 2 (32.1737 ft/s 2 ). Tack one end of a piece of string to the top of the stick. This value is between 6,378 km, particularly around the equator and about 6,357 km at the poles. He was the first one to use the word geography and he also had a small-scale notion of the planet that helped him to determine the circumference of the earth. If you wish to convert a small difference of latitude or longitude into the linear distance on the surface of the earth, then the spherical earth equation would be, = = dE R cos d dN R d , The circumference of the Earth depends on how it is measured. What is the radius of Earth in exponential form? The radius is more like 6,371 kilometers at the north and south poles. What is the radius of the parallel of latitude? 7564mi). ( Image credit: Ayhan Altun) There are nearly 8 billion people (opens in new tab) living on Earth today, but our planet wasnt always so crowded. for an oblate spheroid, the curvatures are. Andrew Blum gives some tips that could students in the high-school class in Clinton, Mississippi because they focus on the Eratosthenes project. . [ The radius of Earth at the equator is 3,963 miles (6,378 kilometers), according to NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. , A: . | He also shares personal stories and insights from his own journey as a scientist and researcher. Use the protractor to measure the angle where the string meets the stick at the top. Have your partner do the same in her location. The value for the polar radius in this section has been rounded to the nearest 0.1m, which is expected to be adequate for most uses. Point B, which appears due east from A, will be closer to the equator than A. Overview | Asteroids - NASA Solar System Exploration By clicking Accept, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. (a) Local topography increases the variance, resulting in a surface of profound complexity. state. The mathematical expressions above apply over the top of ellipsoid. View a sample solution. Science atlas, our goal is to spark the curiosity that exists in all of us. less than 6400 km. For best results, the minimum radius of the geofence should be set between 100 - 150 meters. E For integration limits of [0,/2], the integrals for rectifying radius and mean radius evaluate to the same result, which, for Earth, amounts to 6,367.4491km (3,956.5494mi). You can do this, too, by using his method. Has got the radius of Earth mysteriously grown by about 3%? What is the mass of this planet in terms of Earth's mass? Analytical cookies are used to understand how visitors interact with the website. This calculated value became a defining value in 1993. Circumference of Earth is the length or the distance around the Earth. Similarly very small numbers are written using negative exponents, e. The very first printed mention of Earths size made an appearance around 350BC, when Aristotle reported in the book Around the Heavens(18) that mathematicians had suspected the circumference of the world to become 400,000 stadia. What is the radius of Moon? - Heimduo Estimates of the accuracy of Eratosthenes's measurement range from 0.5% to 17%. We know that the acceleration due to gravity is equal to 9.8 m/s2, the Gravitational constant (G) is 6.673 1011 Nm2/kg2, the radius of the Earth is 6.37 106 m, and mass cancels out. Earth radius conversions Convert Earth radius to other length and distance measurement units using a free online calculator for length/distance unit conversions. Historically, these models were based on regional topography, giving the best reference ellipsoid for the area under survey. (The notation is defined such that it can be easily generalized for other planets; e.g., which differs from the exact result by less than 1m (4105in); the mean of the two axes. Solution for the radious of earth is 6378.1 km, which is 2981.1 km greater than the radius of mars. ) is the distance from the center of Earth to a point on or near its surface. As satellite remote sensing and especially the Global Positioning System gained importance, true global models were developed which, while not as accurate for regional work, best approximate the Earth as a whole. A where. Note that this arc is along a great circle. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". He noticed that the difference in the angle of a shadow in his location at Syene, which is present-day Aswan in Egypt, and that of a shadow in Alexandria was about 7.2 degrees. A model of a helicopter rotor has four blades, each of length 3.4 mm from the central shaft to the blade tip. Physics, 22. All other parallels of latitude are small circles, each having a radius smaller than that of the earth, i.e. {\displaystyle r} R PDF PHYSICS 111 HOMEWORK SOLUTION #13 - New Jersey Institute of Technology In Eratosthenes case, the distance was 787 kilometers, so for him, the following relation applied: where x = the circumference of the Earth in kilometers. The equation for Keplers Third Law is P = a, so the period of a planets orbit (P) squared is equal to the size semi-major axis of the orbit (a) cubed when it is expressed in astronomical units. In late August of 2003, Mars was at its closest point to Earth in about 60,000 years! A nominal Earth radius is sometimes used as a unit of measurement in astronomy and geophysics, which is recommended by the International Astronomical Union to be the equatorial value.[1]. Video advice: How We Calculated the Radius of Earth. International Space Station Facts and Figures | NASA Exponential or Scientific Notation: It is easier to write very large numbers such as 100,000,000 as 10 8 (1 followed by 8 0s). However, other factors such as the rotation of the Earth also contribute to the net acceleration. This requires an elliptic integral to find, given the polar and equatorial radii: The rectifying radius is equivalent to the meridional mean, which is defined as the average value of M:[14]. Exercises. You have to find the circumference. In 1993 the WGS84 governing committee voted, with one exception, to retain the 1984 defining values, despite improvements to those defining values. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. What is the Radius of the Earth? On solving the circumference of the earth we get 39,350 kilometres. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. The accelerationwhich is gained by an object because of gravitational forceis called its acceleration due to gravity. Enchanted Learning. The planet bulges at the equator as a result of its rotation. Wittenberg is a nationally ranked liberal arts institution with a particular strength in the sciences. As such, they are topographical geocentric distances, Rt, which depends not only on latitude. The radius of the earth's orbit is 45,000,000 meters. What is the c) Calculate the gravitational potential energy associated with a 4.93-kg object at the A closed-form solution exists for a spheroid:[14]. What is the biggest problem with wind turbines? You need to solve physics problems. However, Earth is not quite a sphere. Do NOT follow this link or you will be banned from the site! However, for purposes of uniformity and use in geophysics and astronomy, the nominal earth radius is used, which is about 6, 371 km. => When indoor location is available, the accuracy range can be as small as 5 meters. Like a torus, the curvature at a point will be greatest (tightest) in one direction (northsouth on Earth) and smallest (flattest) perpendicularly (eastwest). N Also a photographer, she records adventures by camera, combining photos with journals in her blogs. is the unit normal to the surface at How does the mass of earth be calculated? - Ox Science Answered: You drive down the road at 35 m/s (79 | bartleby Examples collapse all Earth Radius in Meters View the mean radius of the Earth using the default units, meters. Because these measurements are not done with more sensitive equipment, the radius calculation will be only approximate. Scholars have interpreted Aristotle's figure to be anywhere from highly accurate[20] to almost double the true value. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. How do you find the radius of a planet in physics? This was due to the coincidence that Mars and Earth lined up with the Sun when the Earth was close to its farthest point from . Radius of Earth - adda247 George has always been passionate about physics and its ability to explain the fundamental workings of the universe. B Surveyors today use a variety of instruments and calculations to determine the size of the Earth and collect other relevant data. Hence, the Earth deviates from a perfect sphere by only a third of a percent, which supports the spherical model in most contexts and justifies the term "radius of the Earth". We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. = This answer is: Through derivation, we find a logical connection between a natural phenomenon and a mathematical description of that phenomenon. Radio Line of Sight Distance Calculator Electrical, RF and 001 km (3958. Aristotle (384-322 BC) was among the first to recognize the fact of our planet being a round sphere. Ans. Mass of planet M = 8 x mass of earth = 8 x 6 x 10 24 kg. What is the radius of the Moon around the Earth? At the poles, = 90o and the length = 110.95 km, nearly. The radius of orbit indicates the distance that the satellite is from the center of the earth. Most experts think planet Earth can support about 10 billion people, and that when our population reaches that number, it will start to decline. Record the distance between your location and your partners location. At what distance above the surface of earth, the gravitational force will be reduced by 10%, if the radius of earth is 6370 Km. Your email address will not be published. {\displaystyle K=\kappa _{1}\,\kappa _{2}={\frac {\det \,B}{\det \,A}}} Whether you need help solving quadratic equations, inspiration for the upcoming science fair or the latest update on a major storm, Sciencing is here to help. What is the radius of the earth equation? [Ultimate Guide!] Where K is the Gaussian curvature, Sometimes more are aboard the station during a crew handover. (a) To what radius (in meters) would the earth have to be compressed in order for it to become a black holethe escape velocity from its surface equal to the velocity c = 3 \times 10 ^ { 8 } \mathrm { m } / \mathrm { s } c = 3108m/s of light?